Human Heart Important Facts

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Human Heart Important Facts

Function of the heart

The function of the heart is to transmit blood and store it in the body. It serves to deliver blood to all the organs of the body and deliver oxygen and nutrients to it. In addition, the heart ensures the supply of blood needed for other organs of the body.

  • The first artificial implantable pacemaker was successfully used in Sweden in 1958.
  • The sound of the heart beating, i.e., the sound of the heartbeat, comes due to the opening and closing of the heart valves.
  • The heartbeat of newborns is 70 to 190 beats per minute.
  • The speed of the human heart’s beat is 100,000 times in 24 hours.
  • Pathologists are called cardiologists.
  • The first open-heart surgery was performed by United States cardiologist Daniel Hale Williams in 1893.
  •  The name of the patient who got this artificial pacemaker was Arne Larsson. Arne Larsson used 26 types of pacemakers throughout his lifetime.
  • The smallest heart of all living creatures is possessed by a wasp called fairy fly.
  • The only mammal that has the largest heart in this whole world is the whale fish.
  • The American Pygmy Shrew is the smallest mammal with the highest heartbeat rate of 1,200 beats per minute.
  • Coronary arteries – The blood vessels found on the surface of the heart are called coronary arteries. Coronary arteries provide oxygenated blood to the heart.
  •  Pericardium – The pericardium is a membrane of nerve tissue that surrounds the heart. It is also known as the pericardial sac. It is made up of two layers (double layer), the outer layer called the fibrous pericardium, and the inner layer called the serous pericardium.
  • Henry Gray first reported that the weight of the heart in men and women ranges from 280 to 340 grams and 230 to 280 grams respectively.
  • Women have a lighter heart than men.
  • Impure blood enters the right atrium of the heart through two veins, these veins are known as superior vena cava and inferior vena cava.

The heart is made up of three types of layers:

  1. epicardium – the outermost layer of the heart.
  2. myocardium – the middle layer of the heart.
  3. Endocardium – the inner layer of the heart.

There are four valves found in the human heart:

  1. Tricuspid valve – between the right atrium and right ventricle.
  2. Pulmonary valve – between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
  3. Aortic valve – between the left ventricle and the aorta.
  4. Mitral valve – between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

There are three types of blood vessels:

  1. Arteries – Arteries work to carry oxygenated blood from the heart to different parts of the body. That is, oxygenated pure blood flows in the artery.
  2. Veins – Veins carry deoxygenated blood to the heart.
  3. Capillaries – Capillaries are responsible for keeping small arteries and small veins together.

There are four chambers or chambers found in the heart:

  1. Two Alind (Atria)
  2. and two ventricles.

The wall of the heart is made up of three different layers:

  1. Myocardium – middle layer
  2. pericardium – outermost layer
  3. Endocardium – inner layer

 Types of blood circulation

  1. Coronary circulation – This is an essential part of circulation, where oxygenated blood is supplied to the heart.
  2. pulmonary circulation – a part of the circulation that carries deoxygenated blood (impure blood) from the heart to the lungs and then brings oxygenated blood (purified blood) back to the heart.
    Systemic circulation – another part of the circulation in which oxygenated blood (pure blood) is pumped from the heart to every organ and tissue of the body, and deoxygenated blood (impure blood) is returned to the heart again.

The currently prevalent heart diseases are:

  1. Unstable angina pectoris
  2. Atrial fibrillation
  3. Endocarditis
  4. एरिथमिया (Arrhythmia (dysrhythmia))
  5. Congestive heart failure
  6. Cardiac arrest
  7. Cardiomyopathy
  8. Pulmonary embolism
  9. पेरिकार्डिटिस (Pericarditis)
  10. Mitral valve prolapsed
  11. Myocarditis
  12. Myocardial infarction or heart attack
  13. Stable angina pectoris

Many types of tests are used to detect heart diseases and get information about the functions of the heart:

  1. Echocardiogram
  2. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
  3. Cardiac catheterization
  4. Cardiac stress test
  5. Holter monitor

 The following devices are used to treat heart disease, such as:

  1. पेसमेकर (Pacemaker)
  2. Pulse Oximeter
  3. Angioplasty
  4. automated external defibrillator (AED)

 NOTE: The heart muscle, called the myocardium, is the middle and thickest layer of the heart wall.

 

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